ASEAN first broke into the semiconductor scene in the 1970s with backend processes such as assembly, testing and packaging (ATP). While some countries are advancing upstream, others lag behind. The Business Times outlines the region’s current state of play.

Additional reporting by: Elisa Valenta, Jamille Tran, Sharon See, Tan Ai Leng, Tessa Oh, Yong Jun Yuan, Zhao Yifan